![]() Gertzen EL, Doka SE, Minns CK, Moore JE, Bakelaar C (2012) Effects of water levels and water-level regulation on the supply of suitable spawning habitat for eight fish guilds in the bay of Quinte, Lake Ontario. Gertz AK, Eisenbach J, Walker GK (1994) SEM identification of Michigan cattails, Typha latifolia and Typha angustifoilia, and their hybrid, Typha x glauca. Galatowitsch SM, Anderson NO, Ascher PD (1999) Invasiveness of wetland plants in temperate North America. Journal of Great Lakes Research 33(special issue 3):125–135 Journal of Great Lakes Research 33:366–380įriezwyk CB, Johnston CA, Zedler JB (2007) Identifying and characterizing dominant plants as indicator of community condition. Ecological Applications 19:398–412įrieswyk CB, Zedler JB (2007) Vegetation change in Great Lakes coastal wetlands: deviation from the historical cycle. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 130:796–808įarrer EC, Goldberg DE (2009) Litter drived ecosystem and plant community changes in cattail invasion. įarrell JM (2001) Reproductive success of sympatric northern pike and muskellunge in an upper St. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 113:329–365Įlgersma KJ, Martina JP, Goldberg DE, Currie WS (2017) Effectiveness of cattail ( Typha spp.) management techniques depends on exogenous nitrogen inputs. Botanical Gazette 97:610–648ĭesgranges JL, Ingram J, Drolet B, Morin J, Savage C, Borcard D (2006) Modelling wetland bird response to water-level changes in the Lake Ontario-St. Butterworth, London, pp 48–74Ĭostello DF (1936) Tussock meadows in southeastern Wisconsin. In: Grossbard E, Atkinson D (eds) The herbicide glyphosate. Ecological Engineering 29:232–244Ĭole DJ (1985) Mode of action of glyphosate - a literature analysis. Canadian Journal of Botany 62:1965–1967īoers AM, Veltman RLD, Zedler JB (2007) Typha x glauca dominance and extended hydroperiod constrain restoration of wetland diversity. ![]() 112, Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WIīiesboer DD (1984) Seasonal variation in nitrogen fixation, associated microbial populations, and carbohydrates in roots and rhizomes of Typha latifolia (Typhaceae). Journal of Aquatic Plant Management 28:32–36īeule JD (1979) Control and management of cattails in southeastern Wisconsin wetlands. Wetlands 17:518–527īall JP (1990) Influence of substantial flooding depth on cattail control by burning and mowing. Given the widespread problem of cattail invasion, these treatments may have broad application in wetlands where water levels cannot be manipulated.Īshworth SM (1997) Comparison between restored and reference sedge meadow wetlands in south-central Wisconsin. Two years of treatment provide the best results, reducing cattail stem counts and cover by more than 50%, but follow-up applications in ensuing years may be warranted to treat surviving cattails. ![]() The most effective treatment in both zones was cutting during the period with reduced rhizome carbohydrates followed by hand-wicking resprouted ramets with herbicide in late summer, which allows the herbicide to be absorbed by the rhizomes. We also collected companion environmental data. We tested various combinations of cutting cattail ramets when carbohydrate reserves were minimized, spraying cut stems with herbicide, slicing rhizomes to mimic tilling, and hand-wicking resprouted ramets with herbicide. We conducted replicated studies at a wetland site with an active invasion front in zones of nearly mono-dominant cattail and transitional invasion. Even with a change in water-level-regulation to a more natural hydrologic regime, restoration requires methods for active cattail management without the ability to manipulate water depths and without imperiling other vegetation. As a result of water-level regulation, cattails have invaded sedge/grass meadow in all wetlands on Lake Ontario. ![]()
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